Help mij bij het implementeren van CodeIgniter queue systemen voor asynchrone taakverwerking
description
Met deze prompt kan de gebruiker een robuust queue systeem implementeren in CodeIgniter waarmee asynchrone taken en achtergrondprocessen efficiënt worden beheerd. Dit helpt bij het verbeteren van de prestaties en schaalbaarheid van de applicatie en voorkomt vertragingen in gebruikersinteracties. De stapsgewijze begeleiding en voorbeeldcode maken het eenvoudiger dan alternatieve, minder gestructureerde methoden.
prompt
Help mij bij het ontwerpen en implementeren van een queue systeem in mijn CodeIgniter project voor asynchrone taakverwerking en achtergrondprocessen. Beschrijf de beste aanpak, benodigde configuraties en geef voorbee ...
try_prompt
generate_helper
disclaimerOnPageApi
tags
ai_answers
provider: openai
model: gpt-4.1-nano
Natuurlijk! Hier is een overzicht van de beste aanpak, benodigde configuraties en voorbeeldcode om een queue systeem te implementeren in jouw CodeIgniter 3.1.11 project voor asynchrone verwerking van e-mails en push notificaties.
### Beste aanpak
Omdat CodeIgniter 3.1.11 geen ingebouwde queue functionaliteit heeft, kun je het beste gebruik maken van een externe message broker zoals **Redis** of **RabbitMQ**. Redis is populair en relatief eenvoudig te integreren.
Daarnaast heb je een **worker script** nodig dat continu de queue controleert en taken verwerkt. Deze worker draait los van je webapplicatie en kan bijvoorbeeld worden gestart via de CLI.
### Benodigdheden
- **Redis server** geïnstalleerd en draaiend.
- **PHP Redis extension** (php-redis) geïnstalleerd.
- Een **queue management library** (optioneel, maar je kunt ook zelf eenvoudige functies maken).
- Een **CLI script** dat de worker draait.
- Aanpassingen in je CodeIgniter applicatie om taken toe te voegen aan de queue.
---
## Stap 1: Redis installeren en configureren
Installeer Redis op je server en start de service.
Voor Ubuntu:
```bash
sudo apt-get install redis-server
sudo service redis-server start
```
Controleer of Redis draait:
```bash
redis-cli ping
# Antwoord: PONG
```
### PHP Redis extensie installeren
```bash
sudo pecl install redis
```
Voeg toe aan je `php.ini`:
```ini
extension=redis.so
```
Herstart de webserver.
---
## Stap 2: Integratie in CodeIgniter
### 2.1 Redis library maken
Maak een helper of library voor Redis communicatie.
**application/libraries/Redis.php**
```php
<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
class Redis {
protected $redis;
public function __construct() {
$this->redis = new Redis();
$this->redis->connect('127.0.0.1', 6379);
}
public function lpush($queue, $data) {
return $this->redis->lPush($queue, json_encode($data));
}
public function rpop($queue) {
$data = $this->redis->rPop($queue);
if ($data) {
return json_decode($data, true);
}
return null;
}
public function close() {
$this->redis->close();
}
}
?>
```
### 2.2 Queue toevoegen in je controller
Gebruik de Redis library om taken toe te voegen aan de queue.
**application/controllers/TaskController.php**
```php
<?php
defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');
class TaskController extends CI_Controller {
public function enqueue_email($email_data) {
$this->load->library('redis');
$task = [
'type' => 'email',
'to' => $email_data['to'],
'subject' => $email_data['subject'],
'message' => $email_data['message']
];
$this->redis->lpush('task_queue', $task);
echo "Email taak toegevoegd aan de queue.";
}
public function enqueue_notification($notification_data) {
$this->load->library('redis');
$task = [
'type' => 'notification',
'device_id' => $notification_data['device_id'],
'message' => $notification_data['message']
];
$this->redis->lpush('task_queue', $task);
echo "Notificatie taak toegevoegd aan de queue.";
}
}
?>
```
---
## Stap 3: Worker script maken voor achtergrondverwerking
Maak een PHP CLI script dat taken uit de Redis queue haalt en verwerkt.
**application/cli/worker.php**
```php
#!/usr/bin/env php
<?php
define('BASEPATH', true);
require_once __DIR__ . '/../index.php';
use CI_Controller;
class QueueWorker {
protected $redis;
public function __construct() {
$this->redis = new Redis();
$this->redis->connect('127.0.0.1', 6379);
}
public function process() {
while (true) {
$task = $this->redis->rPop('task_queue');
if ($task) {
$taskData = json_decode($task, true);
$this->handleTask($taskData);
} else {
// Wacht 5 seconden voordat je opnieuw checkt
sleep(5);
}
}
}
protected function handleTask($task) {
try {
if ($task['type'] == 'email') {
$this->sendEmail($task);
} elseif ($task['type'] == 'notification') {
$this->sendNotification($task);
}
} catch (Exception $e) {
// Foutafhandeling: voeg taak terug of log
log_message('error', 'Fout bij verwerking taak: ' . $e->getMessage());
// Optioneel: voeg taak opnieuw toe
}
}
protected function sendEmail($task) {
// Gebruik CodeIgniter email library
$ci =& get_instance();
$ci->load->library('email');
$ci->email->from('noreply@jouwdomein.nl', 'Jouw Bedrijf');
$ci->email->to($task['to']);
$ci->email->subject($task['subject']);
$ci->email->message($task['message']);
if (!$ci->email->send()) {
throw new Exception('E-mail kon niet worden verzonden');
}
log_message('info', 'E-mail verzonden naar ' . $task['to']);
}
protected function sendNotification($task) {
// Implementatie push notificaties (via bijvoorbeeld Firebase)
// Placeholder:
// $this->pushNotification($task['device_id'], $task['message']);
log_message('info', 'Push notification verstuurd naar ' . $task['device_id']);
}
}
$worker = new QueueWorker();
$worker->process();
?>
```
Maak het script uitvoerbaar:
```bash
chmod +x application/cli/worker.php
```
Start de worker via CLI:
```bash
php index.php cli/worker
```
---
## Stap 4: Foutafhandeling en retries
- Bij fouten log je de error en kun je de taak opnieuw toevoegen aan de queue.
- Voor meer geavanceerd retry management kun je een apart queue voor failed taken maken en retries beperken.
---
## Samenvatting
- Gebruik Redis als message broker.
- Voeg taken toe met `lpush`.
- Verwerk taken in een PHP CLI worker met `rpop`.
- Gebruik try-catch voor foutafhandeling.
- Plan de worker bijvoorbeeld via cron of systemd.
---
Als je verdere hulp nodig hebt bij de specifieke implementatie van push notificaties of meer geavanceerde foutafhandelingsmethoden, laat het gerust weten!
provider: deepseek
model: deepseek-chat
在CodeIgniter 3.1.11中实现队列系统，我推荐使用基于数据库的队列方案，这是最稳定且易于管理的方式。
## 最佳实践方案
### 1. 数据库配置
首先创建任务队列表：
```sql
CREATE TABLE `ci_queue` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`queue_name` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'default',
`payload` longtext NOT NULL,
`attempts` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`reserved_at` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`available_at` int(11) NOT NULL,
`created_at` int(11) NOT NULL,
`status` enum('pending','processing','failed','completed') DEFAULT 'pending',
`error_message` text,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `queue_name` (`queue_name`,`status`,`available_at`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
```
### 2. 核心队列类
创建 `application/libraries/Queue.php`：
```php
<?php
defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');
class Queue {
protected $ci;
protected $table = 'ci_queue';
public function __construct() {
$this->ci =& get_instance();
$this->ci->load->database();
}
/**
* 添加任务到队列
*/
public function push($queueName, $jobClass, $data, $delay = 0) {
$payload = [
'job' => $jobClass,
'data' => $data,
'attempts' => 0
];
$insertData = [
'queue_name' => $queueName,
'payload' => json_encode($payload),
'available_at' => time() + $delay,
'created_at' => time(),
'status' => 'pending'
];
return $this->ci->db->insert($this->table, $insertData);
}
/**
* 从队列获取任务
*/
public function pop($queueName) {
$this->ci->db->where('queue_name', $queueName);
$this->ci->db->where('status', 'pending');
$this->ci->db->where('available_at <=', time());
$this->ci->db->order_by('id', 'ASC');
$this->ci->db->limit(1);
$query = $this->ci->db->get($this->table);
if ($query->num_rows() > 0) {
$job = $query->row();
// 标记为处理中
$this->ci->db->where('id', $job->id);
$this->ci->db->update($this->table, [
'status' => 'processing',
'reserved_at' => time(),
'attempts' => $job->attempts + 1
]);
return $job;
}
return null;
}
/**
* 标记任务完成
*/
public function complete($jobId) {
$this->ci->db->where('id', $jobId);
return $this->ci->db->update($this->table, [
'status' => 'completed',
'reserved_at' => null
]);
}
/**
* 标记任务失败
*/
public function fail($jobId, $errorMessage = '') {
$this->ci->db->where('id', $jobId);
return $this->ci->db->update($this->table, [
'status' => 'failed',
'error_message' => $errorMessage,
'reserved_at' => null
]);
}
/**
* 释放任务重新入队
*/
public function release($jobId, $delay = 0) {
$this->ci->db->where('id', $jobId);
return $this->ci->db->update($this->table, [
'status' => 'pending',
'available_at' => time() + $delay,
'reserved_at' => null
]);
}
}
```
### 3. 任务基类
创建 `application/libraries/Job.php`：
```php
<?php
defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');
abstract class Job {
protected $ci;
protected $data;
protected $maxAttempts = 3;
public function __construct($data) {
$this->ci =& get_instance();
$this->data = $data;
}
/**
* 执行任务
*/
abstract public function handle();
/**
* 任务失败处理
*/
public function failed($exception) {
log_message('error', 'Job failed: ' . $exception->getMessage());
}
/**
* 获取最大尝试次数
*/
public function getMaxAttempts() {
return $this->maxAttempts;
}
}
```
### 4. 具体任务实现
邮件任务 `application/libraries/jobs/EmailJob.php`：
```php
<?php
defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');
require_once APPPATH . 'libraries/Job.php';
class EmailJob extends Job {
public function handle() {
try {
$this->ci->load->library('email');
$config = [
'protocol' => 'smtp',
'smtp_host' => 'your-smtp-host',
'smtp_user' => 'your-email',
'smtp_pass' => 'your-password',
'smtp_port' => 587,
'mailtype' => 'html'
];
$this->ci->email->initialize($config);
$this->ci->email->from($this->data['from']);
$this->ci->email->to($this->data['to']);
$this->ci->email->subject($this->data['subject']);
$this->ci->email->message($this->data['message']);
if (!$this->ci->email->send()) {
throw new Exception('Email sending failed: ' . $this->ci->email->print_debugger());
}
return true;
} catch (Exception $e) {
throw $e;
}
}
public function failed($exception) {
// 可以记录到特定日志或发送警报
log_message('error', 'Email job failed: ' . $exception->getMessage());
}
}
```
推送通知任务 `application/libraries/jobs/PushNotificationJob.php`：
```php
<?php
defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');
require_once APPPATH . 'libraries/Job.php';
class PushNotificationJob extends Job {
public function handle() {
try {
// 实现推送逻辑，例如使用 Firebase、极光推送等
$tokens = $this->data['tokens'];
$title = $this->data['title'];
$message = $this->data['message'];
// 示例：调用推送服务API
$result = $this->sendPushNotification($tokens, $title, $message);
if (!$result) {
throw new Exception('Push notification failed');
}
return true;
} catch (Exception $e) {
throw $e;
}
}
private function sendPushNotification($tokens, $title, $message) {
// 实现具体的推送逻辑
// 返回 true 或 false
return true;
}
}
```
### 5. 队列工作者
创建 `application/controllers/Worker.php`：
```php
<?php
defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');
class Worker extends CI_Controller {
private $queue;
private $shouldStop = false;
public function __construct() {
parent::__construct();
$this->load->library('queue');
$this->queue = $this->queue;
// 注册信号处理，用于优雅停止
pcntl_signal(SIGTERM, [$this, 'stop']);
pcntl_signal(SIGINT, [$this, 'stop']);
}
/**
* 启动队列工作者
*/
public function start($queueName = 'default') {
ignore_user_abort(true);
set_time_limit(0);
echo "Queue worker started for queue: {$queueName}\n";
while (!$this->shouldStop) {
pcntl_signal_dispatch();
$job = $this->queue->pop($queueName);
if ($job) {
$this->processJob($job);
} else {
// 没有任务时休眠
sleep(5);
}
}
echo "Queue worker stopped\n";
}
/**
* 处理单个任务
*/
private function processJob($job) {
try {
$payload = json_decode($job->payload);
$jobClass = $payload->job;
$jobData = $payload->data;
// 加载任务类
if (!class_exists($jobClass)) {
throw new Exception("Job class {$jobClass} not found");
}
$jobInstance = new $jobClass($jobData);
// 检查尝试次数
if ($job->attempts > $jobInstance->getMaxAttempts()) {
$this->queue->fail($job->id, 'Max attempts exceeded');
return;
}
// 执行任务
$jobInstance->handle();
// 标记完成
$this->queue->complete($job->id);
echo "Job {$job->id} completed successfully\n";
} catch (Exception $e) {
$this->handleJobFailure($job, $e);
}
}
/**
* 处理任务失败
*/
private function handleJobFailure($job, $exception) {
$payload = json_decode($job->payload);
// 调用任务的失败处理方法
if (class_exists($payload->job)) {
$jobInstance = new $payload->job($payload->data);
$jobInstance->failed($exception);
}
if ($job->attempts >= 3) { // 最大尝试次数
$this->queue->fail($job->id, $exception->getMessage());
echo "Job {$job->id} failed permanently: " . $exception->getMessage() . "\n";
} else {
// 重新入队，延迟重试
$delay = pow(2, $job->attempts) * 60; // 指数退避
$this->queue->release($job->id, $delay);
echo "Job {$job->id} failed, retrying in {$delay} seconds: " . $exception->getMessage() . "\n";
}
}
/**
* 停止工作者
*/
public function stop() {
$this->shouldStop = true;
echo "Stopping worker...\n";
}
/**
* 查看队列状态
*/
public function status() {
$this->load->database();
$stats = $this->db->select('queue_name, status, COUNT(*) as count')
->from('ci_queue')
->group_by('queue_name, status')
->get()
->result();
echo "Queue Status:\n";
foreach ($stats as $stat) {
echo "{$stat->queue_name} - {$stat->status}: {$stat->count}\n";
}
}
}
```
### 6. 使用示例
在控制器中添加任务：
```php
<?php
defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');
class User extends CI_Controller {
public function register() {
// 用户注册逻辑...
// 添加发送欢迎邮件任务
$emailData = [
'to' => $user->email,
'from' => 'noreply@example.com',
'subject' => '欢迎注册',
'message' => '感谢您注册我们的服务'
];
$this->load->library('queue');
$this->queue->push('emails', 'EmailJob', $emailData);
// 添加推送通知任务
$pushData = [
'tokens' => [$user->device_token],
'title' => '新用户注册',
'message' => '欢迎新用户加入'
];
$this->queue->push('notifications', 'PushNotificationJob', $pushData);
echo '注册成功，任务已加入队列';
}
}
```
### 7. 启动和管理工作者
使用命令行启动工作者：
```bash
# 启动邮件队列工作者
php index.php worker start emails
# 启动通知队列工作者
php index.php worker start notifications
# 查看队列状态
php index.php worker status
```
### 8. 自动加载配置
在 `application/config/autoload.php` 中添加：
```php
$autoload['libraries'] = array('database', 'queue');
```
## 高级特性建议
1. **监控和日志**：添加详细的日志记录和监控告警
2. **优先级队列**：通过不同的队列名称实现优先级
3. **批量处理**：支持一次处理多个任务提高效率
4. **超时控制**：为任务设置执行超时时间
5. **进度跟踪**：为长时间任务添加进度跟踪
这个方案提供了稳定可靠的队列系统，支持错误重试、任务监控和优雅停止等生产级特性。
error: Generation failed [deepseek] prompt_id=4129 locale=nl err=DeepSeek connection/timeout | Generation failed [deepseek] prompt_id=4129 locale=en err=DeepSeek connection/timeout | Generation failed [deepseek] prompt_id=4129 locale=de err=DeepSeek connection/timeout | Generation failed [deepseek] prompt_id=4129 locale=fr err=DeepSeek connection/timeout | Generation failed [deepseek] prompt_id=4129 locale=pt err=DeepSeek connection/timeout | Generation failed [deepseek] prompt_id=4129 locale=es err=DeepSeek connection/timeout